Audio Blackboard: When you click on the dates at right, you'll receive an index ofimages from the lecture as well as an MP3 audio link. The audio should start up automatically. Please note: You must use the free Microsoft Internet Explorer browser to view these images. For podcast/MP3s, including an archive of past lecture audio, use your existing podcatching software or install iTunes and subscribe BIO 3020 Podcast XML | If you have iTunes installed, click here for the BIO 3020 iTunes Listing BIO 3020 Pathophysiology Course Mechanics 1. Pathophysiology vs. Pathology 2. Procedures a.Text b.Objectives c.Tests d. Grades I. General Pathology A. Disease at the Cellular Level 1. Adaptation a. Atrophy i.Causes ii.Result b. Hypertropy c. Hyperplasia i.Types ii.Atypical Hyperplasia d. Metaplasia 2. Injury a. Occurrence b. Injurious Stimuli i.Hypoxia ii.Chemicals iii.Infectious Agents iv.Immune Response v.Nutritional Imbalances vi.Physical Agents (a). Temperature Extremes (b). Pressure Changes (c). Ionizing Radiation (d). Mechanical Factors c. Results of Injury: Accumulations i.Water (a). Cellular Swelling (b). Hydropic Degeneration ii.Lipids (a). Mechanism (b). Common Causes (c). Fatty Change iii.Calcium (a). Mechanism (b). Types iv.Hyaline Change 3. Cell Death a. Necrosis b. Visible Results c. Types (Gross) i.Coagulative ii.Liquifactive iii.Caseous iv. Fat Necrosis v.Gangrene 4. Apoptosis a. Meaning b. Events 5. Somatic Death a. versus necrosis b. Events i.Algor mortis ii.Livor mortis iii.Rigor mortis iv.Postmortem autolysis B. Fluid Distribution 1. Compartments a. Intracellular b. Extracellular c. Total Water 2. Variations a. Newborn b. Effect of Fat 3. Shifts between Compartments a. Between ICF and ISF b. Between ISF and Plasma i.Filtration Pressures ii.Absorption Pressures c. ISF Circulation d. Lymph Flow 4. Edema a. Definition b. Mechanisms i.Increased CHP ii.Decreased COP iii.Increased Capillary Permeability iv.Lymph Flow Blockage c. Locations i.Localized ii.Generalized iii.In Body Spaces d. Problems of Edema i.Distances ii.Pressure & Blood Flow iii.Tissue Compression iv.Blood Volume Loss C. Immunity 1. Introduction a. Components of Defense b. Immune System Cells i.Locations ii.Cells c. Antigens i.Definition ii.Characteristics 2. Humoral Response: B-Lymphocytes a. Activation b. Product: Immunoglobulins i.Structure ii.Direct Actions iii.Indirect Actions iv.Classes 3. Cell-Mediated Immunity: T-Lymphocytes a. Actions & Cell Types i.Cytotoxicity: Tc ii.Delayed Hypersensitivity: Td iii.Control: Th and Ts D.Inflammation 1. Introduction 2. Acute Response a. Initiation b. Events i.Arteriolar Dilation ii.Increased CHP iii.Margination iv.Endothelial Retraction v.Cellular Arrival 3. Role of Mast Cells a. Description of Cells b. Action c. Stimuli d. Stored Chemicals i.Histamine ii.Neutrophil Chemotactic Factor iii.ECF-A e. New Chemicals i.Leukotrienes ii.Prostaglandins 4. Plasma Proteins a. Arrival b. Complement System i.Description ii.Major Actions iii.Activation c. Clotting Proteins d. Kinin System 5. System Manifestations a. Fever b. Leukocytosis c. Increased Plasma Proteins 6. Chronic Inflammation a. Description b. Result 7. Exudation a. Function b. Types i.Serous Exudate ii.Fibrinous Exudate iii.Purulent/Suppurative Exudate iv.Hemorrhagic Exudate 8. Healing a. Initial Steps i.Sealing ii.Clot dissolution iii.Macrophage Secretions iv.Granulation Tissue Formation v.Collagen Organization vi.Wound Contraction vii.Epithelialization b. Maturation c. Dysfunctional Healing i. Initial Healing Problems (a). Big Clots (b). Adhesions (c). Inadequate Macrophages ii.During Reconstruction (a). Impaired Collagen Synthesis (b). Excessive Collagen Synthesis (c). Impaired Epithelialization (d). Dehiscense (e). Excessive Contraction E. Abnormal Immunity 1. Hypersensitivity a. Introduction i.Definition ii.Includes: (a). Allergies (b). Autoimmunity (c). Isoimmunity b. Types i.IgE-Mediated (Type I) (a). Occurrence (b). Mechanism (c). Clinical Examples ii.Tissue-Specific Reactions (Type II) (a). Action (b). Destruction Types iii. Immune Complex Reactions (Type III) iv.Cell-mediated Reactions (Type IV) (a). Action (b). Clinical Examples c. Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity i.Allergy (a). Agent (b). Examples (c). Neoantigens ii.Autoimmunity (a). Definition (b). Mechanisms 2. Deficiencies a. Introduction i. Definition ii. Types iii.Clinical Signs (a). Normal Infection Rate (b). Possible Signs iv.Problems of Deficiency b. Congental Deficiencies i. Hypogammaglobulinemia ii. SCID iii.Selective IgA Deficiency c. Acquired Deficiencies i.Nutritional Deficiencies (a). Protein/Calorie (b). Zinc (c). Vitamins ii.Iatrogenic Causes (a). Drugs (b). Surgery/Anesthesia iii.Burns iv.Emotional Stress v.AIDS F. Neoplasms 1. Introduction a. Neoplasm b. Benign c. Malignant 2. Nomenclature a. Naming b. Carcinoma in situ 3. Malignant Cell Characteristics a. List b. Terms c. Grading d. Staging e. Growth Rates f. Spread i.Direct Invasion ii.Lytic Enzymes iii.Active Movement iv.Barriers v.Metastasis vi.Implantation 4. Clinical Manifestations a. Pain b. Cachexia i.Description ii.Appetite Changes iii.Weight Loss iv.Anemia c. Leukopenia/Thrombocytopenia d. Infection II. Syst A. Neurologic Dysfunction 1. Consciousness a. Definition b. Physical Basis c. Pathophysiology i.Agents ii.Signs (a). Level of Consciousness (b). Breathing Patterns (c). Pupillary Response (d). Oculomotor Responses (e). Motor Responses 2. Results of Lesions a. Severe Results b. Thought Content Alterations i. Acute ii. Subacute/Chronic c. Seizures i. Definition ii. Causes iii. Manifestations d. Motor Function Alterations i. Muscle Mass Abnormalities ii. Muscle Strength Abnormalities iii. Tone Abnormalities iv. Postural Abnormalities v. Abnormal Movements vi. Hyperkinesia/Dyskinesia e. Emotional Alterations f. Unifocal Cortical Function Alterations i.Agnosias ii.Dyspraxia iii.Dysphasia/Aphasia g. Cerebral Homeostasis Alterations i.Intracranial Pressure ii. Cerebral Edema (a). Vasogenic (b). Cytotoxic (c). Ischemic (d). Interstitial 3. Specific CNS Lesions a. Trauma i.Closed-Head Trauma (a). Injuries (b). Maximum Effect (c). Types: Concussion Contusions/Lacerations Extradural Hematoma Subdural Hematoma ii. Spinal Cord Trauma (a). Frequency (b). Population (c). Force (d). Injury (e). Spinal Shock b. Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) i. Population ii. Timing iii. Types iv. Clinical Information c. CNS Tumors i.Introduction ii. Primary Intracerebral: Gliomas (a). Glioblastoma (b). Astrocytoma (c). Oligodendroglioma iii. Primary Extracerebral Tumors (a). Meningioma (b). Neurilemmoma d. Infection/Inflammation i. Meningitis (a). Types (b). Manifestations ii. Encephalitis e. Degenerative Diseases of CNS i. Parkinson Disease (a). Classification (b). Pathophysiology (c). Course ii.Multiple Sclerosis B. Endocrine Disorders 1. SIADH a. Description b. Cause c. Results 2. Thyroid Dysfunction a. Normal Function b. Hyperthyroidism i. Results ii. Cause c. Hypothyroidism i. Causes ii. Manifestations 3. Pancreas: Diabetes a. Introduction b. Types i. Type I (a). Cause (b). Population (c). Manifestations (d). Classic Description ii.Type II (a). Cause (b). Population (c). Manifestations iii. Gestational Diabetes (a). Description (b). Course c. Complications i. Hypoglycemia ii. Ketoacidosis iii. Microvascular Changes iv. Neuropathy v. Nephropathy vi. Macrovascular Disease vii. Combination 4. Reproductive System a. Female i. Primary Dysmenorrhea (a). Description (b). Cause (c). Other PG Effects ii.Amenorrhea (a). Primary (b). Secondary iii. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (a). Description (b). Manifestations (c). Complications iv. Vaginitis (a). Description (b). Occurrence (c). Characterizations v. Disorders of Pelvic Relaxation (a). Description (b). Varieties vi. Proliferations (a). Ovarian Cysts (b). Endometriosis b. Male i. Urethritis (a). Description (b). Common Varieties (c). Symptoms ii. Scrotal Disorders (a). Varicocele (b). Hydrocele iii. Prostate Disorders (a). Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (b). Prostatitis C. Hematologic Disorders 1. Anemia a. Definition b. Classification c. Manifestations i. Causes ii. Symptoms d. Types i. Macrocytic-Normochromic ii. Microcytic-Hypochromic iii. Normocytic-Normochromic 2. Abnormal WBC Function a. Infectious Mononucleosis i.Cause ii.Appearance iii.Course b. Leukemias i.Meaning ii.Classification iii.Examples iv.Acute Leukemias v.Chronic Leukemias c. Multiple Myeloma i.Description ii.Manifestations d. Lymphoma i.Description ii.Hodgkin Disease iii.Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma D. Cardiovascular Disease 1. Arterial Disease a. Arteriosclerois i. Meaning ii. Result b. Atherosclerosis i. Meaning ii. Development iii. Manifestations 2. Hypertension a. Meaning b. Types c. Primary vs. Secondary d. Chronic Results 3. Aneurysm a. Meaning b. Cause c. Locations d. Manifestations 4. Venous Disease a. Varicose Veins i. Description ii. Cause b. Chronic Venous Insufficiency i. Meaning ii. Results 5. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) a. Meaning b. Prevelance c. Risks i. Non-modifiable ii. Modifiable (a). Hyperlipidemia (b). Hypertension (c). Nicotine (d). Diabetes (e). Obesity 6. Myocardial Ischemia a. Description b. Result: Angina Pectoris i. Description ii. Cause iii. Timing iv. Appearance v. Types (a). Stable (b). Unstable (c). Printzmetal c. Manifestations i. Ventricular Gallop ii. ECG iii. Angiography 7. Myocardial Infarction (MI) a. Causes b. Events i. First 8-10 Seconds ii. 30-60 Seconds iii. 20 Minutes c. Functional Changes d. Repair e. Manifestations i. Anginal Pain ii. Sympathetic Stimulation iii. Fever iv. Lab Results v. ECG

BIO3020 2009 Audio/Blackboard September 9, 2009 September 11, 2009 September 14, 2009 September 16, 2009 September 18, 2009 September 21, 2009 September 23, 2009 September 28, 2009 September 30, 2009 October 2, 2009 October 5, 2009 October 9, 2009 October 12, 2009 October 14, 2009 October 19, 2009 October 21, 2009 October 23, 2009 October 26, 2009 October 28, 2009 October 30, 2009 November 4, 2009 November 9, 2009 November 11, 2009 November 13, 2009 November 18. 2009 2008 Audio Blackboard Lecture audio and images September 3, 2008 September 5, 2008 September 8, 2008 September 10, 2008 September 12, 2008 September 15, 2008 September 17, 2008 September 22, 2008 September 24, 2008 September 26, 2008 September 29, 2008 October 3, 2008 October 6, 2008 October 8, 2008 October 13, 2008 October 15, 2008 October 17, 2008 October 20, 2008 October 22, 2008 October 24, 2008 October 29, 2008 November 3, 2008 November 5, 2008 November 7, 2008 November 10, 2008 November 12, 2008 November 14, 2008 November 17, 2008 November 19, 2008 November 24, 2008 December 01, 2008 December 03, 2008 December 05, 2008 December 08, 2008 December 10, 2008 Lectures from 2007 September 5, 2007 September 7, 2007 September 10, 2007 September 12, 2007 September 14, 2007 September 17, 2007 September 19, 2007 September 24, 2007 September 26, 2007 September 28, 2007 October 1, 2007 October 5, 2007 October 8, 2007 October 10, 2007 October 15, 2007 October 17, 2007 October 19, 2007 October 22, 2007 October 24, 2007 October 26, 2007 October 31, 2007 November 5, 2007 November 7, 2007 November 9, 2007 November 12, 2007 November 14, 2007 November 16, 2007 November 19, 2007 November 26, 2007 November 28, 2007 December 3, 2007 December 5, 2007 December 7, 2007 December 10, 2007 December 12, 2007 December 14, 2007

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